အဂၢမဟာပ႑ိတ မုိင္းေနာင္ဆရာေတာ္

tဂၢr[my@dw  

rdkif;aemifq&mawmf

aiGOa'gif;

       rkdif;aemifq&mawmf t&Sify@dwonf omoemawmfpnfyifwkd;wufa&;udpö wGif pdwftm;xufoefoavmufvnf; 0D&d,MuD;rm;awmfrlí q&mawmf aqmif&Guf vkdaom udpöMuD;okH;&yfrSm &Srf;jynfe,ft&yf&yfwGif y&d,wådpmoifwkdufrsm; wnf aqmufawmfrlvkdjcif;? ,if;y&d,wådvkyfief;ukd taxmuftul&pdrfhaomiSm yd#uwf awmfukd &Srf;bmomodkYjyefqkdawmfrlvkdjcif;ESifhy#dywådomoemawmftwGuf ur®|mef; &dyfomrsm; wnfaqmufvkdjcif;wkdY yifjzpfayonf/ ,if;okH;rsKd;vkH;udkyif atmifjrifx ajrmufatmif aqmif&GufawmfrlEkdifcJhayonf/

       q&mawmftm; 1274-ckESpf? 0gqkdvqef;(7)&uf? Mumoyaw;aeYwGif &Srf; jynfe,f? wefY,ef;jrdKUe,f rkdif;vif;wkduf? ckda,mifaus;&Gmü crnf;awmf vkH;armuf cef;qkdif;ESifhr,fawmf ygqkdifqmwkdYrS zGm;jrifawmfrljyD;aemuf? 14-ESpfom;t&G,fwGif aus;oD;jrdKUe,f 0rf0aus;&Gm? 0rf0ausmif;q&mawmfOD;eE´xHwGif &SifomraPtjzpf okdYa&mufawmfrlcJhonf/ ,if;0rf0ausmif;wGif 6-0gwkdifwkdif yd#uwftajccHusrf;pm rsm;udk qnf;yl;oif,lawmfrljyD;aemuf oufawmf20-ESpf? 1294-ckESpf? 0gqkdvqef; (8)&uf we*FaEGaeYwGif rkdif;aemifjrdKU0gqkdausmif; c@odrfü rufvef;ausmif;q&m awmfOD;ynmukd OyZösm,fq&mjyKí &[ef;jzpfawmfrlcJhonf/

       ,if;odkYvQif &SifomraPb0wGif 6-0gwkdifwkdifvnf;aumif;? &[ef;b0odkY a&mufaomtcg 5-0gwkdifwkdifvnf;aumif;? 11-ESpfwkdifwkdif oif&kd;yd#uwfawmfrsm; udk xkdxkdq&mawmfrsm;xHwGif oif,ljyD;aemuf oufawmf 25-ESpf? 0gawmf 5-0g& aomtcg rkdif;aemifjrdKU apmfbGm;MuD; apmcGefqmESifh'g,umtrsm;wkdY yifhaqmif avQmufcsuft& rkdif;aemifjrdKU 0gqkdausmif;wkdY <ua&mufoDwif;okH;awmfrljyD; wynfh &Sif&[ef; y&dowfwkdYtm; pmayusrf;*efrsm; ydkYcsawmfrlonf/

yd#uwfawmf &Srf;bmomjyefqkda&;

       q&mawmf\qE´wGif rjywf&SdaeaomudpörSm yd#uwfawmfudk &Srf;bmomodkY jyefqkda&;yifjzpf\/ yd#uwfawmfudk rdrdbmomjzifh oifMum;&vQif ydkívG,fulo abmaygufrnf? omoemawmf wkd;wufrnfaMumifh jzpfayonf/

       xkdYaMumifh þudpöatmifjrif&ef oufqkdif&m q&mawmfrsm;ESifh'g,umwkdYtm; rjywfvIHYaqmfwkdufwGef;cJh&mrS 1318-ckESpfwGif rkdif;&I;q&mawmfMuD;OD;ynmabm* OD; aqmifaom yd#uwfawmf &Srf;bmomjyefqkda&;tzGJUudk zGJUpnf;EkdifcJhonf/

       1319-ck? wefaqmifrkef;vqef; (12ç 13ç 14)&ufaeYrsm;wGifrlum; vGKdifvif jrdKU atmifoD&d &kyf&Sif&kHwGif q&mawmfOD;ynmabm* OD;aqmifaom oHCmawmft zGJUESifhp0fa&Tokduf? p0fEGHwkdYOD;aqmifaom 'g,umtzGJUwkdY n§dEIdif;aqG;aEG;Muum yd# uwfawmf&Srf;bmomjyef vkyfief;MuD; taumiftxnfay:vmawmhonf/ ,if;tzGJU wGif rkdif;&I;q&mawmfu Ouú|tjzpf aqmif&Gufí rkdif;aemifq&mawmftm; 'kwd, Ouú|tjzpf wifajr§mufMuonf/

       rkdif;&I;jrdKU ,kHaygifq&mawmfMuD;OD;ynmabm*onf yd#uwfawmf &Srf;bmom jyefqkda&;wGif y"meyk*¾Kdvfjzpfonfhtwkdif; jyefqkdykH jyefqkdenf;rsm;udk rkdif;aemifq&m awmfOD;y@dw? OD;aombe? OD;rkedE´? OD;okpm&dE´? OD;y@0paom q&mawmfrsm;tm; oifMum;vrf;nTefay;awmfrlonf/ ,if;odkYjzifh 1320-jynfhESpfrS 1325-ckESpfwGif yd# uwfawmfrsm;udk &Srf;bmomodkY jyefqkdjyD;pD;awmfrlMuonf/ ,if;yd#uwf&Srf;bmom jyefrsm;onf vufa&;rltjzpfrS ykHESdyfrltjzpfokdY a&muf&efom usefawmh\/

       ,if;pmrlrsm;udk a&S;OD;pGmum; &efukefjrdKU 'dkYwm0efykHESdyfwkdufwGif &dkufESdyfonf/ aemiftcgwGif &Srf;jynfe,fESifh&efukefjrdKUrSm tvSrf;uGmvSí vkyf&ukdif& rvG,ful aomaMumifh &Srf;jynfe,f yifvkHjrdKUwGifyif tzGJUykdif ykHESdyfwkdufwnfaxmifum &dkuf ESdyfcJhonfrSm ,aeYwkdifjzpfonf/

       yd#uwfokH;ykHrSm 0denf;bmomjyef 10-tkyf? okwfxkH;usrf; 3-tkyf? tbd"r®m &usrf; 22-tkyf? okH;&yfaygif; 35-tkyf &kdufESdyf&rnfjzpf&m ,aeYxd 32-tkyf&kdufjyD;  jzpfonf/ EkdifiHawmftpkd;&u ,if;vkyfief;twGif wpfESpfvQif usyfaiGwpfaomif; ajcmufaxmif ESpfpOfaxmufyHhonf/

       ,if;vkyfief;MuD;rS xGufay:vmaom tjcm;tusKd;rsm;um; yifvkHjrdKUwGif yd# uwfawmf &Srf;bmomjyefausmif;wkdufESifh]]&Srf;jynfe,fvkH;qkdif&m y&d,wådo'¨r®ygv pmjyefyGJawmfMuD;}}ESpfpOf ay:aygufvmjcif; jzpfayonf/

       þonfum; rkdif;aemifq&mawmf MudK;yrf;ojzifh xGufay:vmaom omoem a&;qkdif&m toD;tyGifhrsm;yif jzpfay\/ tjcm;MudK;yrf;csuf rsm;pGm&Sdayao;\/

y&d,wådpmoifwkdufrsm;

       q&mawmf\rl&if;qE´awmfokH;&yf&Sdonfh taMumif;udk þaqmif;yg;trSwf pOf az:jycJhonfhtwkdif; &Srf;jynfe,ft&yf&yfwGif y&d,wådpmoifwkdufrsm; wnf axmifawmfrlykHrSm...

       1/    1300-jynfhESpfwGif rkdif;aemifjrdKU? r*Fvm&efatmify&d,wådpmoifwkduf/

       2/    1319-ckESpfwGif rkdif;eef;y&d,wådpmoifwkduf/ 

       3/    1320-jynfhESpfwGif yifvkHjrdKU? yd#uwfawmf &Srf;bmomjyef y&d,wådpm

              oifwkduf/

       4/    1324-ckESpfwGif vJcsm;jrdKU 0rfqefy&d,wådpmoifwkduf/

       5/    1327-ckESpfwGif awmifMuD;jrdKU? a0VK0efy&d,wådpmoifwkduf/

       6/    1328-ckESpfwGif rkdif;aemifwkdufe,f? rufvef; y&d,wådpmoifwkduf/

       7/    1330-jynfhESpfwGif rkdif;aemifwkdufe,f? 0rfrkdif; y&d,wådpmoifwkduf/

       8/    1342-ckESpfwGif awmifMuD;jrdKU? yd#uwfawmf &Srf;bmomjyef y&d,wåd

              pmoifwkdufwkYdukd wnfaxmif zGifhvSpfawmfrlEkdifcJhonf/

       ,if;y&d,wådpmoifwkduf &Spfwkdufteuf aemufqkH;jzpfaomtrSwf(8)ausmif; wkdufjzpfay:vmykHrSm pma&;olESifh xdawGUqufqHaeojzifh þae&mwGif az:jyvkdyg onf/

       1342-ckwGif jynfaxmifpk qkd&S,fvpfor®wjrefrmEkdifiHawmf? omoemawmf oefY&Sif;wnfwHhjyefYyGm;a&; *kdPf;aygif;pkHoHCmhtpnf;ta0;yGJMuD; ay:aygufvmaom tcg rkdif;aemifq&mawmfrSm EkdifiHawmfA[dkoHCmh0efaqmif q&mawmftjzpfodYk a&muf&Sdvmonf/

       ,if;tpnf;ta0;okdY wufa&muf&ef q&mawmfonf awmifMuD;jrdKUodkY a&muf vm&m pma&;ol\ZeD;jzpfol rkdif;aemifol eef;a&Tcifu awmifausmif;MuD;q&mawmf? odrfawmifq&mawmfESifhrkdif;aemifq&mawmfwkdYtm; tdrfodkYyifhí qGrf;uyfvSLonf/ ,if;qGrf;uyfvSLyGJwGif pum;pyfrdvmonfum; yd#uwf&Srf;bmomjyeftzGJUudk yifvkH jrdKUrS awmifMuD;jrdKUodkY a&TUajymif;cJh&m awmifMuD;wGif ae&mr&Sdí &Srf;pmaytoif; wkdufwGif ,m,Doabmjzifh ae&mcsxm;&aMumif;yif jzpfay\/ xkdtcg eef;a&Tcif u ,if;ae&mtwGuf wynfhawmfrsm; ajrae&may;vSLygrnf[k avQmufxm;&mrS yd#uwfawmf &Srf;bmomjyefausmif;twGuf udk,fydkifae&m &&Sdvmjcif;jzpfayonf/ ,cktcg ,if;yd#uwf&Srf;bmomjyefausmif;rSm q&mawmf\bkef;uHvTJtyfjcif;cH& aom wynfhMuD;wpfyg;jzpfol b'´EÅ0dyóeq&mawmf\tpDtrHjzifh y&d,wådpmoif wkduftjzpfokdY a&muf&SdaejyDjzpf\/

y#dywådausmif;wkdufrsm;

       q&mawmfonf ,if;odkYvQif yd#uwfawmf&Srf;bmomjyefudpö? y&d,wådpm oifwkdufrsm; wnfaxmifjcif;wkdYESifhtwl wpfzufwGifvnf; y#dywådomoemawmf xGef;um;a&;twGuf ur®|mef;&dyfom ausmif;wkdufrsm;udkvnf; wnfaxmifawmfrl onf/ q&mawmfwnfaxmifaom ur®|mef;wkdufrsm;rSm 1327-ckESpfwGif rkdif;aemif ur®|mef;? aemifqGrf;ur®|mef;? aus;oD;ur®|mef;wkduf? rkdif;udkifur®|mef;wkdufwkdYudk wnfaxmifawmfrljyD;aemuf 1336-ckESpfwGif yifvkHjrdKU? rlvrif;uGef;ur®|mef;wkduf? 1338-ckESpfwGif vGKdifvifjrdKU? rlvriff;uGef;ur®|mef;wkdufwkdYudkwnfaxmifum 1342 –ckESpfwGif usKdif;wkHjrdKU? rkdif;qwfjrdKU? uGef[def;jrdKU? rkdif;jyif;jrdKUwkdYwGif rlvrif;uGef;ur® |mef;wkdufrsm;udk wnfaxmifawmfrlonf/ ,if;odkYvQif ur®|mef;wkdufaygif; 10wkduf zGifhvSpfjyD;aemuf a,m*Drsm;tm; w&m;jyjcif;? w&m;a[mjcif; udpörsm;aqmif&Guf awmfrl\/

ypönf;rodk 0efrwkd

       q&mawmf\xl;jcm;vSaom t&nftcsif;wpf&yfrSmrlum; &vmorQypönf; vmbfvmbwkdYtay:ü rwG,frwmpGefYvTwfawmfrlEkdifjcif;yifjzpf\/ tu,fqkdaomf az:jyyg pmoifwkdufaygif;rsm;pGm ur®|mef;wkduftjzmjzmwkdYrSm q&mawmf\bkef;uH aMumifh jzpfay:vmaomae&mrsm;jzpfMuonf/ odkY&mwGif wG,fwmrIr&Sd? wnfwHh atmifaqmif&GufjyD;aemuf wynfhMuD;wpfyg;yg;odkYomvTJtyfawmfrlonf/ ukd,fawmf wkdifrlum; tawmifomvQif Opöm&SdaomiSuf OyrmuJhokdY oifhavsmf&mwGifom vSnfh vnfoDwif;okH;awmfrlavh&Sdonf/

usrf;*efjyKpkawmfrljcif;

       ,if;odkYvQif &Srf;jynfe,fwGif omoemawmf xGef;um;a&;ESifhy&d,wf y#dywf tusKd;wkdYudk pGrf;pGrf;wrH aqmif&Gufawmfrl&if;ESifhyif atmufygusrf;*ef t&yf&yfwkdY ukdvnf; a&;om;jyKpkawmfrl\/

1/    0denf;yg&mZduPf yxrtkyf (&Srf;bmomjyef)

2/    0denf;yg&mZduPf 'kwd,tkyf(&Srf;bmomjyef)

3/    0denf;plV0g(&Srf;bmomjyef)

4/    y|mef;yxrtkyf(&Srf;bmomjyef)

       udk,fwkdifA[kokwjzifh a&;xm;aompum;ajyusrf;rsm;rSm...

5/    y#dpöorkyÜg'f yxrwGJ/

6/    y#dpöorkyÜg'f 'kwd,wGJ/

7/    edAÁmeftvif;jyusrf;/

8/    *rÇD&cHyumoeDusrf;/

9/    owdy|meoacFyusrf;/

10/   y&dwfMuD;ESifh¤if;\0w¬Krsm;/

11/   r[mowdy|mef/

12/   tewåvu©Pokwfawmf/

13/   "ar®o"/

14/   Ak'¨0PÖE´em/

15/   cE¨mtm,weur®|mef;usrf;/

16/   0dyóem jrefjreftm;xkwf&musrf;/

17/   ygwdarmuf tar;tajz/

18/   avmueDwd/

19/   avmuodyÜH/

20/   bk&m;&Sdckd;trsKd;rsKd;/

21/   0dyóemÓPfpOfMuD;/

22/   atmifjcif;&Spfyg;(vuFmjzifha&;onf)

23/   yudPÖaum0g'(vuFmjzifha&;onf)

24/   &SifoD0vdorkdif;tw¬Kywåd(vuFmjzifha&;onf)

25/   &SifOy*kwforkdif;tw¬Kywåd(vuFmjzifha&;onf)

26/   "r®obm0w&m;awmf(vuFmjzifha&;onf)

27/   rlvrGefvDac:uH-uH\tusKd; (vuFmjzifha&;onf)

28/   aqmif;yg;uAsm vuFm twkdt&Snfrsm;/

       rkdif;aemifq&mawmfonf &Srf;pmay? uAsm? vuFm? aqmif;yg; &Srf;bmomjyef pmrsm; jyKpka&;om;onfh yk*¾Kdvfrsm;wGif xifay:ausmfMum;awmfrlonfomru "r® uxduq&mawmftjzpf &[ef;&SifvlwkdY\txl;MunfndKjcif;? ,kHMunftm;xm;jcif;cH &aom q&mawmfwpfyg;jzpfonf/

       ,if;odkYvQif omoemawmf\aumif;&m aumif;usKd;wkdYudk o,fykd;aqmif&Guf awmfrlonfh yd#uwå,qu? *EÅmZ&m0[? r[max& y&d,wåd0dom&'? vZÆDayo v? odu©mumrpaom*kPfwkdYESifhukHvkHjynfh0awmfrlaom rkdif;aemifq&mawmfb'´EÅ y@dwtm; 1985-ck? Zefe0g&D 4-&ufaeY? vGwfvyfa&;aeYwGif jynfaxmifpkqkd&S,f vpfor®wjrefrmEkdifiHawmf? EkdifiHawmfaumifpDu trdefYaMujimpmtrSwf1^85t& ]]t*¾r[my@dwbGJUwHqdyfawmfjrwf}}ukd qyfuyfvSL'gef;onf/

       ,cktcgürl q&mawmfonf oufawmf 74-ESpf? 0gawmf 54-0godkY a&mufvm cJhay&m rsufpdawmfurIef? em;awmfuav;? xkHemusOfema0'em&SdonfhMum;uyif Ekdif iHawmfoHCmhem,uq&mawmfwpfyg; jzpfonfhtwkdif; us&mwm0efukd xrf;aqmif &mu wpfzufwGifvnf; rdrdwnfaxmifzGJUpnf;cJhaom yifvkHjrdKU? &Srf;jynfe,fvkH;qkdif &my&d,wådo'¨r®ygvpmar;ajzyGJawmfESifhtbd"r®mtm*kHavQmufyGJawmfwkdYwGif r[m em,uq&mawmftjzpf aqmif&Guf&if; w&m;pmayrsm; zwf&Ia&;om;awmfrlum xdkxdk&dyfomrsm;&Sd a,m*Drsm;tm; w&m;jyoMo0g'ay;vsuf &Sdygownf;/           

aiGOa'gif;

rSwfcsuf/    /1987^88-ckESpfxkwf uarÁmZr*¾Zif; pmrsufESm(29 rS 32)xd vm&Sdaom aqmif;yg;udk jyefvnf&kdufESdyfygonf/