"Burma" before 1948 consisted of the British
colonial territory (covering the extinct kingdoms of "Burma,"
Talaing (Pegu), and Arakan, as well as some minor lands), together
with two groups of states, whose status was similar to that of the
Indian states: the Shan states and the Karen states. "Shan" is a
Burmese word, cognate with "Siam"; the Shan states are ethnically
Tai, closely related to the majority population of Thailand; for a
time they formed the "Shan State" in independent Burma. The
Karenni states formed for a time the "Kayah State" in independent
Burma.
The British authorities form a
protectorate over the Shan States in 1887; the Federated Shan
States are formed by the U.K. government on 1st October 1922,
comprising 34 northern and southern Shan states (not including the
Wa States); the Karenni (Kayah) states are placed under the
administration of the Shan States on 10th October 1922; by the
Burma Act, the Shan State is administratively separated from Burma
proper and put under a second administrative circle on 1st April
1937; the Shan states are occupied by Japanese military forces
1942/1943, while Thailand occupies 1942/1945 parts of Shan States
(Kengtung and Möngpan) which are annexed by Thailand on 1st
August 1943; the Shan States become part of the Republic of Burma
1943/1945, and then part of the Independent Union of Burma on 4th
January 1948.
RANKNAME/S AREA sq.km. ETHNICITY TITLENOTE/S
32BAWLAKE1,466.2Karenni Myoza updated 5-11-2012
35BAW (Maw)1,922.9 Southern Shan Myoza amalgamated with Hsa Möng Hkam in
1934
27HOPONG (Hopon)550.1 Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
25HSAHTUNG (Thaton)1,222.2 Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
34HSA MÖNG HKAM1,165.2Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xHSAWNGHSUP1427.3 Upper Chidwin Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
xHSENWI (Theinni)x Northern Shan Saopha classical name was
Sivirattha
7- North Hsenwi16,426.4 Northern Shan Saopha updated 5-11-2012
6- South Hsenwi (aka Mongyai)6,228.0 Northern Shan Saopha updated 5-11-2012
xHSIHKIP (Thigyit)x Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
2HSIPAW (Thibaw)11,739.8 Northern Shan Saopha 9 gun salute; classical
name was Dutawadi
16KANTARAWADI7,823.9 Karenni Saopha updated 5-11-2012
22KEHSI MANGAM (Kyithi Bansan)1,429.8 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xKENGCHENG (Kyaingchaing)x Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
xKENGHKAM (Kyaingkan)x Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
31KENGLÖN (Kyainglon)140.1 Southern Shan Myoza amalgamated with Kehsi
Mangam in 1926
xKENGTAWNGx Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
1KENGTUNG (Kyaingtong)32,178.0 Southern Shan Saopha 9 gun salute; classical
name was Khemarata Tungaburi
41KYAWKKU HSIWAN (Kyaukku)197.2 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu amalgamated with Pwehla
in 1928
33KYETBOGYI1,816.5 Karenni Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xKOKANGx Southern
Shan Myoza
updated 5-11-2012
43KYONG63.0 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
11LAIHKA (Lègya)4,048.2 Southern Shan Saopha classical name was
Hansawadi
10LAWKSAWK (Yatsauk)6,129.4 Southern Shan Saopha classical name was
Hansawadi?
40LOI-AI (Lwe-E)404.8 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu amalgamated with Hsa
Möng Hkam in 1930
24LOILONG (Lwelong)2,849.3 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
42LOIMAW (Lwemaw)124.6 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu amalgamated with
Yawnghwe in 1928
15MANGLÖNx Northern Shan Saopha major Wa state; classical name was Jambularata
12MAWKMAI (Maukme)6,635.4 Southern Shan Saopha classical name was
Lawkawadi
23MAWNANG (Bawnin)103.8 Southern Shan Myoza amalgamated with Hsa
Möng Hkam in 1934
xMAWSÖN (Bawzaing)103.8 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
30MÖNGHSU and MÖNGSANG1,217.0 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGKAWNG (Mogaung)x Southern Shan Saopha updated 5-11-2012
18MÖNGKÜNG4,262.9 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGLENG (Mohlaing)x Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGLONGx Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGMAOx Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
8MÖNGMIT (Momeik)9,687.1 Northern Shan Saopha classical name was
Gandhalarata
3MÖNGNAI (Monè)7,050.6 Southern Shan Saopha 9 gun salute; classical
name was Saturambha/Nandapwa
20MÖNGNAWNG4,271.4 Southern Shan Myoza classical name was
Nandawadi
9MÖNGPAI (Mobye)1,894.4 Southern Shan Saopha updated 5-11-2012
13MÖNGPAN7,753.9 Southern Shan Saopha classical name was Dhannawadi
14MÖNGPAWNG (Maing Pun)949.8 Southern Shan Saopha classical name was
Rajjawadi
xMÖNGPING (Maingpyin)x Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
21MÖNGSIT (Maingseik)786.3 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGTUNG (Maington)x Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGYANG (Mohnyin)x Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xMÖNGYAWNGx Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xNAMHKAI (Nanke)194.6 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
28NAMHTOK280.3 Southern Shan Myoza amalgamated with Möngpawng in 1931
xNAMHKOM (Nankon)10.3 Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
x NAMMEKON x Karenni Myoza updated 5-11-2012
44 NAMTÖK (Nantok) 36.3 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu amalgamated with Loi
Long in 1931
xNAUNGPALE77.9 Karenni Myoza updated 5-11-2012
19NAWNGWAWN (Naungmon)108.8 Southern Shan Myoza amalgamated with
Möngpawng in 1931
xPANGLAWNGx Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
39PANGMI (Pinhmi)77.9 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
38PANGTARA (Pindara)76.0 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
36PWEHLA (Poila)461.9 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
29SAKOI (Sagwe)212.8 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
17SAMKA (Saga)814.8 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xSINGALING HKAMTI x Southern Shan Myoza known as Zingalein
Kamti in Burmese
5TAWNGPENG (Taungbaing)2,076.0 Northern Shan Saopha capital was Nam Hsan;
classical name was Pappatasara
xWANMAW (Bhamo)x Southern Shan ? updated 5-11-2012
26WANYIN (Banyin)755.1 Southern Shan Myoza updated 5-11-2012
xWUNTHOx Southern
Shan Saopha
updated 5-11-2012
4YAWNGHWE (Nyaungshwe)3,612.2 Southern Shan Saopha 9 gun salute; classical
name was Kambawsarata
37YWANGAN (Yengan)931.6 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
37NAMHKOK (Nankok)533.5 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu possibly the same as
one above
37KYWAKHTAP127.0 Southern Shan Ngwegunhmu updated 5-11-2012
1. Names in brackets
are the Burmese equivalents.
2 . Three ranks of chiefs were recognized by the Burmese king and later by the British administration. These ranks were Saopha or Chaofa (Shan for king or chieftain) or Sawbwa in Burmese, Myosa/Myoza (duke or chief of town), and Ngwegunhmu (silver revenue chief).
3 . The rank given is in order of the precedence, at the time of the British annexation of the Shan States.
2 . Three ranks of chiefs were recognized by the Burmese king and later by the British administration. These ranks were Saopha or Chaofa (Shan for king or chieftain) or Sawbwa in Burmese, Myosa/Myoza (duke or chief of town), and Ngwegunhmu (silver revenue chief).
3 . The rank given is in order of the precedence, at the time of the British annexation of the Shan States.
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